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Ю.Н. Шарова,Л.А. Беличева.
Ответная реакция организма рыб на хроническое нефтяное загрязнение вод (на примере реки Печоры)
// Водная среда: обучение для устойчивого развития. Петрозаводск: Карельский научный центр РАН, 2010. C. 143-148
L.A. Belicheva, Yu.N. Sharova. Fish organism response to chronic water pollution (the pechora river) // Aquatic environment: Education for sustainable development. Petrozavodsk: Karelian Research Centre of RAS, 2010. Pp. 143-148
The Pechora River is one of the biggest water systems in the North-West of Russia. Pollution of the river due to development of coal and oil industries has led to huge changes in Pechora ecosystem. The objective of this study was to investigate fish organism response to chronic multiple anthropogenic impact on the base of the gills, liver and kidney histological analysis of two fish species (ide – Leuciscus idus and whitefish – Coregonus lavuretus).
The histological study of the gills, liver, and kidney showed the wide range of pathological alterations. Haemorrhages and stasises (circulatory disturbances), haemolysis, and necrosis were the most common.
In the gills the most common feature of the microscopic structure was proliferation in the epithelium of the gill filaments and secondary lamellae. The gill lesions also included curving of secondary lamellae, desquamation of epithelial cells and its edema. In the range of circulatory disturbance dilation in blood vessels of gill filament, aneurysms in secondary lamellae, sludge and diapedesis of red blood cells were found. The microscopic structure of some individual also showed fibrosis of the gill filaments.
The liver histopathological analysis showed presence of kariopyknosis, enlargement of connective tissue around blood vessels, and signs of inflammatory response, e.g. infiltration of leukocytes and exudate formation. In some cases investigated individuals of ide showed severe fatty vacuolation in the hepatocytes.
Degenerative changes and atrophy of glomerulus, thickening of vessels wall, presence of fibrous mass and inflammatory sings were found in kidney. In some cases, the lipids and haemosiderin deposits were observed, and accumulation of haemosiderin was seen only in the whitefish kidney. Also several kinds of parasites were regularly registered in the kidney of whitefish.
In conclusion, histopathological changes in the gills, liver and kidney in the present study indicate that fish were responding to the changes in the environment quality. Histological alterations observed in this study reflect the presence of chronic diseases, associated with the disturbance of organism functioning.
The histological study of the gills, liver, and kidney showed the wide range of pathological alterations. Haemorrhages and stasises (circulatory disturbances), haemolysis, and necrosis were the most common.
In the gills the most common feature of the microscopic structure was proliferation in the epithelium of the gill filaments and secondary lamellae. The gill lesions also included curving of secondary lamellae, desquamation of epithelial cells and its edema. In the range of circulatory disturbance dilation in blood vessels of gill filament, aneurysms in secondary lamellae, sludge and diapedesis of red blood cells were found. The microscopic structure of some individual also showed fibrosis of the gill filaments.
The liver histopathological analysis showed presence of kariopyknosis, enlargement of connective tissue around blood vessels, and signs of inflammatory response, e.g. infiltration of leukocytes and exudate formation. In some cases investigated individuals of ide showed severe fatty vacuolation in the hepatocytes.
Degenerative changes and atrophy of glomerulus, thickening of vessels wall, presence of fibrous mass and inflammatory sings were found in kidney. In some cases, the lipids and haemosiderin deposits were observed, and accumulation of haemosiderin was seen only in the whitefish kidney. Also several kinds of parasites were regularly registered in the kidney of whitefish.
In conclusion, histopathological changes in the gills, liver and kidney in the present study indicate that fish were responding to the changes in the environment quality. Histological alterations observed in this study reflect the presence of chronic diseases, associated with the disturbance of organism functioning.
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Last modified: December 24, 2013